The gantry shear is a high-efficiency shearing machine used in the metal recycling industry. Its core structure consists of five major modules: the gantry frame, shearing mechanism, material hold-down mechanism, hydraulic system, and electrical control system. Serving as the main structural support, the gantry frame bears the full load during the shearing process and requires high rigidity and stability; it typically employs a "dual-column plus crossbeam" gantry-style framework. The shearing mechanism performs the actual cutting of scrap steel and comprises an upper blade, a lower blade, a movable crossbeam, and drive components. The blades are made of high-hardness, wear-resistant tool steel, heat-treated to a hardness of HRC 58–62.
The material hold-down mechanism clamps the scrap steel before shearing, preventing displacement caused by hydraulic shock or the material's own weight, thereby ensuring cutting precision and equipment safety. The hydraulic system powers the shearing and hold-down actions as well as auxiliary functions, acting as the machine's "power heart"; its core components include high-pressure hydraulic pumps, hydraulic cylinders, control valve assemblies, an oil tank, and cooling/filtration units. The electrical control system coordinates the operational sequence of the various mechanisms to enable automated operation and safety protection; the control core utilizes a PLC or an industrial touchscreen combined with a servo drive system, supporting manual, semi-automatic, and fully automatic modes.
There are three primary types of feeding mechanisms for hydraulic gantry shears: hydraulic cylinder propulsion, hydraulic motor propulsion, and servo motor propulsion. Hydraulic cylinder propulsion offers high thrust and a simple structure; hydraulic motor propulsion is compact and provides accurate positioning; and servo propulsion systems offer high precision but come at a higher cost.
